The Compañía Cubana Primadera S.A. is a company whose name is associated with the Czarnikow-Rionda Company, one of the most powerful sugar brokerage houses in the world in the 20th century. Czarnikow-Rionda, founded by the Cuban Manuel Rionda, was headquartered in New York and controlled a large share of the international trade in Cuban sugar. This certificate for 500 shares of $1, numbered 263, was issued on 12 June 1958, just a few months before the victory of Fidel Castro's revolution on 1 January 1959. The document is doubly symbolic: it represents the power of the Cuban sugar industry in its final hours, and it bears in its vignette the silhouette of El Morro castle, the architectural emblem of Havana. The presence of Czarnikow-Rionda in the company's organizational chart bears witness to the inextricable links between American interests and the pre-revolutionary Cuban economy.